do not press the back button…
Enter your VAT number here and click Verify:
Your details have been verified. VAT number registered to:
,
.
Your order will now be zero rated for VAT purposes. We reserve the right to verify these details after your order request has been made and reinstate VAT if required.
Your VAT details were not recognised or were invalid. Your VAT number must be matched to your Billing Country as specified above. This is currently specified as . You do not need to enter the country code part of your VAT number as this has already been selected in your billing address details above.
The VAT number checking service is currently offline. Please supply your VAT details within the comments or special instructions field below and we will apply a VAT discount after placing your order request.
Parts for Other Cars
Please note: this is an electronic unit, once this is registered to the user or used it will not be able to return, ICarsoft will be able to give you product support should you require this.
i910 Series is a new vehicle fault diagnostic tool developed by Icarsoft Technology Inc.. Specially for DIY users and the servicemen of small service factories. This product supplies colour LCD display and personalized function menu.
It supports BMW 1 Series, 3 Series, 5 Series, 6 Series, 7 series, X series, Z series and Mini.
The supported system includes Engine, Auto Transmission, ABS, Air bag, Air condition, Instrument cluster, Elec. immobilize system, ect.
Optional accessories:
• OBD-16 to BMW-20 Socket This socket is use to test the BMW vehicle between 1997 to 2000）
To see detailed list of applicable please CLICK HERE
Four Super Advantages:
• 1.THE FASTEST FULL COLOUR, 2.8" LCD SCREEN PROFESSIONAL BMW Multi-system Scanner!
• USB 2.0 High Speed Upgrade
• i910 Supports BMW between 1997 to 2011
1 Series ：1'_E81/E82/E87/E88
3 Series ：3'/Z3_E36, 3'_E46 ， 3'_E90/E91/E92/E93
5 Series ：5'_E39，5'_E60/E61
6 Series ：6'_E63/E64
7 Series ：7'_E38，7'_E65/E66
X Series ：X1_E84， X3_E83， X5_E53， X5_E70，X6_E71，
Z Series ：3'/Z3_E36，Z4 E85/E86 ，Z4 E89
MINI:MINI_R50/R52/R53, MINI R55/R56
Include:Drive, Chassis and Body all system
• Function include:
a) Read & Clear DTC's
b) View & Graph Live Data in Colour Graphing and blazing fast refresh rate for better graphing and live data readings.
c) BMW ECU information
d) And More! – See User's Manual
Product Function:
• Read Trouble Codes
• Clear Trouble Codes
• Read Live Data
• Component Testing
• Clear adaptation
• Vehicle information
• Datastream Graph Display
Specifications:
A) Display: 2.8" Colour screen , 320 x 240 pixel display with contrast adjustment
B) Operation Temperature: -20 ℃ -- 75 ℃
C) Storage Temperature: -40 ℃ -- 120 ℃
D) Power: 8V -- 24V
Dimensions:
• L * W * H: 135mm * 85 mm * 26mm
• Net Weight: 250g
• Gross Weight: 450g
Contents:
• Hardcopy User's Manual
• 6-foot OBD II cable
• CD software
• USB cable
• Nylon carry case
Support Multi-Language: English, German, Polish, Dutch
Please note: this is an electronic unit, once this is registered to the user or used it will not be able to return, ICarsoft will be able to give you product support should you require this.
i980 is a professional vehicle fault diagnostic tool developed by iCarsoft Technology Inc.. Specially for full system of one vehicle brand. This product supplies colourful TFT screen and unique diagnostic software.
i980 Multi-system Scanner supports full system diagnosis. It's a powerful DIY tool, test modes include: CANBUS, ISO9141, KWP2000, J1850 etc.. It enables technicians to accurately diagnose complex problems.
To see detailed list of all functions please CLICK HERE
Eight Super Advantages:
1. The fastest full colour, 2.8" TFT 320*240 pixels
2. USB 2.0 High Speed Upgrade
3. Support Multi-language
4. Read & Clear DTCs
5. Read Date Stream
6. Silicone keys with great customer experience
7. Full System Diagnosis
8. Diagnose Single Brand of all Models ( OBDII-16 DLC )
Features for Mercedes-Benz:
• Read DTCs
• Clear DTCs
• Read live data stream
• Single Brand of all Models ( OBDII-16 DLC )
• Full system diagnosis
• Upgrade via USB 2.0
• Multi-language
Specifications:
• Display: 2.8" Colour screen, 320 x 240 pixels display with contrast adjustment
• Operation Temperature: 0 ℃ -- 50 ℃
• Storage Temperature: -20 ℃ -- 70 ℃
• Power: 9V -- 18V
• Operating current: 100mA@12V(Typical)
• Power consumption: 1.2W(Typical)
• Dimension: 121mm*86mm*26mm(LxWxH)
• Weight: 300g
Contents:
• Hardcopy User's Manual
• 6-foot OBD II cable
• USB cable
• Nylon carry case
Support Multi-Language: English, German, Spanish, French, Portuguese, Russian, Dutch
Below languages are under developing: Turkish, Polish, Italian, Hungarian
Please note: this is an electronic unit, once this is registered to the user or used it will not be able to return, ICarsoft will be able to give you product support should you require this.
LRV1.0 is a professional vehicle fault diagnostic tool developed by iCarsoft Technology Inc.. Specially for full system of one vehicle brand. This product supplies TFT LCD screen and unique diagnostic software.
This Product will work on the following cars:
Freelander
Freelander 2
Defender
Discovery II
Discovery III
Discovery 4
Range Rover Sport
Range Rover
Range Rover Evoque
Eleven Super Advantages:
1 Diagnose Single Brand of all Models (OBDII-16DLC)
2. Full System Diagnosis
3. Support Oil Service Reset
4. Steering Angle Sensor (SAS) Calibration
5. Read & Clear DTC
6. Read Live Date
7. Support Battery Test
8. Support Data Review and Print
9. Full Speed Upgrade via Computer
10. Support Multi-Language
11. Available in Red, Black, Orange and Blue
To see detailed list of all functions please CLICK HERE
Features for Land Rover:
• iCarsoft LR V1.0 can do it all-reads and clears trouble codes on most of the systems such as engine, transmission, ABS and airbag etc.
• Support OBDII/EOBD Ten Modes of Operation.
• Read Live Data.
• Full ECU Diagnosis.
• Easy To Use with Silicone Keys.
• Oil Light/Service Reset: Support service lamp reset
• SAS: Steering Angle Sensor (SAS) calibration, calibrates the steering wheel to straight ahead, or recalibrates SAS while steering part replacement.
• The Print Data function allows you printing out diagnostic data recorded by the scan tool or customized test reports
• Battery test allows you getting the voltage of battery with OBD port by the scan tool when the engine starts.
• DTC Library to lookup when user is operating this tool.
• Upgrade Via Computer.
• Multi-language: English, German, Dutch, Spanish, French.
Specifications:
• Display: 2.8" TFT LCD screen, 320 x 240 pixels display
• Operation Temperature: 0 ℃ -- 50 ℃
• Storage Temperature: -20 ℃ -- 70 ℃
• Power: 9V -- 18V
• Operating Current: 150mA@12V (Typical)
• Power Consumption: 1.8W(Typical)
• Dimension: 187.5 x 101 x 32 mm (L x W x H)
Contents:
• TF Card
• Hardcopy User's Manual
• OBD II cable
• USB PC Connecting Cable
• Nylon carry case
Support Multi-Language:
Multilingual menu and DTC definitions- English, Spanish, and German, etc
Please note: this is an electronic unit, once this is registered to the user or used it will not be able to return, ICarsoft will be able to give you product support should you require this.
i908 is a professional vehicle fault diagnostic tool developed by iCarsoft Technology Inc.. Specially for full system of one vehicle brand. This product supplies colourful TFT screen and unique diagnostic software. i908 Multi-system Scanner supports full system diagnosis. It's a powerful DIY tool, test modes include: CANBUS, ISO9141, KWP2000, J1850 etc.. It enables technicians to accurately diagnose complex problems.
Features for VW / Audi / Skoda / Seat:
• Read DTCs
• Clear DTCs
• Read live data stream
• Single Brand of all Models ( OBDII-16 DLC )
• Full system diagnosis
• Upgrade via USB 2.0
• Multi-language
Eight Super Advantages:
1. The fastest full colour, 2.8" TFT 320*240 pixels
2. USB 2.0 High Speed Upgrade
3. Support Multi-language
4. Read & Clear DTCs
5. Read Date Stream
6. Silicone keys with great customer experience
7. Full System Diagnosis
8. Diagnose Single Brand of all Models ( OBDII-16 DLC )
To see detailed list of all functions, system and Vehicle coverage please CLICK HERE
Specifications:
A) Display: 2.8" Colour screen , 320 x 240 pixels display with contrast adjustment
B) Operation Temperature: 0 ℃ -- 50 ℃
C) Storage Temperature: -20 ℃ -- 70 ℃
D) Power: 9V -- 18V
E) Operating current: 100mA@12V(Typical)
F) Power consumption: 1.2W(Typical)
G) Dimension: 121mm*86mm*26mm(LxWxH)
H) Weight: 300g
Contents:
• Hardcopy User's Manual
• 6-foot OBD II cable
• USB cable
• Nylon carry case
Support Multi-Language: English, German, Spanish, French, Portuguese, Russian, Dutch
Below languages are under developing: Turkish, Polish, Italian, Hungarian
Please note: this is an electronic unit, once this is registered to the user or used it will not be able to return, ICarsoft will be able to give you product support should you require this.
iCarsoft CR Plus is a well built comprehensive diagnosis instrument by iCarsoft.It's not only including full function of OBDII/EOBD,but also support more function of Four system( Engine, automatic transmission, anti-lock braking system and airbag ) of certain models of car, such as read and clear code, multi languages, data flow picture display, graph. It also includes Electronic Parking Brake (EPB) release, Steering Angle Sensor (SAS) and Oil Service Light resets. View Engine, ABS, SRS along with A/T enhanced data
Features & Benefits:
• OBDII diagnostic full function
• Multiple car models (covering over 40 prevailing models from Asia, America and Europe).
• Support 4 Systems: Engine, Transmission, ABS, and Airbag.
• Basic diagnostic functions: read DTCs, clear DTCs, and read data stream
• Support DTCs help, data stream wave display, history data record and replay
• Online upgrade, you can download the latest version anytime anywhere.
• Auto module search
• Enhanced OBDII Mode 6
• Supports vehicles 1996 & newer ( OBDII & CAN )
• Retrieves generic P0, P2, P3 & U0 codes,
along with manufacturer specific P1, P3 & U1 codes – both permanent & pending
• Read & Clear Check Engine Lights
• Turn off MIL & reset monitors
• Displays DTC definitions right on the screen
• View freeze frame data & I/M Readiness monitor status
• Display live PCM data stream & O2 Sensor test data
• Graph, record & replay data in full color
• Resets Oil Service Light
• Brake Pads Reset
• Steering Angle Sensor Calibration
• Code cause / solution tips guide users to the root cause of trouble codes faster, saving diagnosis and repair time
• Retrieves vehicle information ( VIN, CIN and CVN )
Twelve Super Advantages:
1. Read & Clear DTCs
2. Read Data Stream
3. Full ECU Diagnosis
4. Diagnose Multi-brand Models Equipped With OBDII-16 DLC
5. Easy To Use With Metal Dome Keys
6. Oil Light/Service Reset
7.Brake Pads Reset
8.Steering Angle Sensor Calibration
9. 4.0" TFT LCD With 480 * 320 Pixels
10. USB 2.0 High Speed Upgrade
11. Upgrade Via TF Card
12. Multi-language: English, French, Spanish, German, Italian, Russian and Dutch.
And for more, refer to User's Manual.
Specifications:
• Display: 4.0" TFT LCD , with 480 * 320 Pixels
• Operation Temperature: 0℃ -- 50℃
• Storage Temperature: -20 ℃ -- 70 ℃
• Power: 9V -- 18V
• Operating current: 150mA@12V(Typical)
• Power consumption: 1.8W(Typical)
• Dimension: 205mm*110mm*31mm(LxWxH)
• Weight: 350g
OBDII function:
1. Read Codes
2. Erase Codes
3. I/M Readiness -- I/M Readiness indicates whether or not the various emissions-related systems on the vehicle are
operating properly and are ready for Inspection and Maintenance testing.
4. Data Stream
5. Freeze Frame -- When an emission-related fault occurs, certain vehicle conditions are recorded by
the on-board computer. This information is referred to as freeze frame data. Freeze Data is a snapshot of
the operating conditions at the time of an emission-related fault.
6. O2 Sensor Test -- This option allows retrieval and viewing of O2 sensor test results for most recently
performed tests from the vehicle's on-board computer.
7. On-Board Monitoring -- This function can be utilized to read the results of on-board diagnostic monitoring
tests for specific components/systems.
8. Evap System Test -- The EVAP test function lets you initiate a leak test for the vehicle's EVAP system.
Before using the system test function, refer to the vehicle's service repair manual to determine the procedures
necessary to stop the test.
9. Vehicle Information -- The option displays the vehicle identification number (VIN), the calibration verification
number (CVN), and other information of the test vehicle.
Contents:
● Main Unit
● Hardcopy User's Manual
● Main cable
● USB cable
● TF Card
● Nylon carry case
● TF Card reader
Please note: this is an electronic unit, once this is registered to the user or used it will not be able to return, ICarsoft will be able to give you product support should you require this.
Only to be used with CR MAX BT diagnostic tool
The iCarsoft USB Inspection Camera VDSP2000 Videoscope is a perfect tool for viewing and capturing video and still images of hard-to-reach areas.
It’s a perfect partner for iCarsoft tablet diagnostic tool CR MAX BT.
With its fluid resistant 5.5mm head and LED illumination, dark and fluid soaked areas are no longer a problem.
Features and Advantages
- View and record images and videos.
- Take images easily with one-click snap shot button.
- Easy to adjust the strength of light (6 levels).
- Extremely small 5.5mm camera-IP67 certified for immersion, allows for use in wet, fluid soaked spaces.
- 5.5mm camera head easily fits into most spark plug holes for inspection.
Specifications
Len O.D. (mm) : 5.5mm
Tube O.D. (mm) : 4.8mm
Tube Length: 1000mm
USB Cable Length: 1500mm
Resolution: 1280x720
Operating Temperature: 0℃~65℃
Power Supply: USB 5V
USB Port: USB2.0/Type C/Micro USB
This sale is for the Pair
Fits:
BMW 5 SERIES E39 (SALOON) 1995-00
Related reference numbers
Related, superseded, cross reference or alternative numbers for comparison.
1223295
The product you are viewing cross references to these numbers
Specifications:
Thread M14x1,25
Seat cone seat 60°
Shaft length 27,3 mm
Overall length 50,5 mm
Hex size 17 mm
Key diameter 25,8 mm
Color Chrome
At Design911 we stock two different brands of locking wheel nuts & bolts: McGard Locking Wheel Nuts and Standard Locking Wheel Nuts. These are used to secure your alloy wheels and prevent them from theft. We highly recommend purchasing a set to ensure your investment in alloy wheels cannot be stolen.
McGard lock sets are "Thatcham" appoved.
McGard Locking Wheel Nuts Considered by many to be the best available on the market and are fitted to many new cars as standard equipment: BMW, Mercedes, Porsche, Volkswagen to name a few. They have consistently won awards from many car magazines like Auto Express and What Car. German made.
Related reference numbers
Related, superseded, cross reference or alternative numbers for comparison.
27226SU
The product you are viewing cross references to these numbers
Sold each
Fits:
Audi A3 inc Quattro MK2 8P 2003-2012
Audi S3 MK2 8P 2006-2012
Audi TT MK2 8J 2007-2014
Audi TTRS MK2 8J 2009-2014
Volkswagen Bora A5 1K 2005-2010
Volkswagen Caddy Mk3 Typ 2K 2004 - 06/2010
Volkswagen Golf MK6 inc R 5K 2009-2012
Volkswagen Golf MK5 1K
Volkswagen Golf Mk5 GTI & R32
Volkswagen Golf Plus 5M
Volkswagen Jetta Mk5 A5 1K 2005-2010
Volkswagen Touran 2003-2015
Volkswagen Vento A5 2005 - 2010
Volkswagen CC 2012 - 2017
Volkswagen Eos 1F 2006-2016
Volkswagen Passat B6 & B7 Typ3C 2006-2013
Volkswagen Passat CC 35 2008-2012
Volkswagen Scirocco MK3 2008 - 2017 Seat Altea 5P 2004-
Seat Toledo Mk3 5P 2004-2009
Seat Leon Mk2 1P 2005-2012
Skoda Octavia Mk2 1Z 2004-2012
Skoda Superb 2009-2010
Related reference numbers
Related, superseded, cross reference or alternative numbers for comparison.
PFF85-505
The product you are viewing cross references to these numbers
Specifications:
Thread Size: M14 x 1.25
Hex Size: 17mm
Overall Length: 51.7mm
Seat/Style: Cone Seat Bolt
Shank Length: 27.3mm
Seat: Default
At Design911 we stock two different brands of locking wheel nuts & bolts: McGard Locking Wheel Nuts and Standard Locking Wheel Nuts. These are used to secure your alloy wheels and prevent them from theft. We highly recommend purchasing a set to ensure your investment in alloy wheels cannot be stolen.
McGard lock sets are "Thatcham" appoved.
McGard Locking Wheel Nuts Considered by many to be the best available on the market and are fitted to many new cars as standard equipment: BMW, Mercedes, Porsche, Volkswagen to name a few. They have consistently won awards from many car magazines like Auto Express and What Car. German made.
Related reference numbers
Related, superseded, cross reference or alternative numbers for comparison.
27226SUB
The product you are viewing cross references to these numbers
Features & Benefits:
Thread size: M14 x 1.5
Seat: R14
Shaft Length: 35.4mm
Hex Size: 17mm
Simply replace the original fasteners by premium quality McGard fasteners
Chrome plated for a shiny finish
Computer generated designs allow for an infinite number of key patterns
Two part manufacture makes them impossible to remove with standard tools
Related reference numbers
Related, superseded, cross reference or alternative numbers for comparison.
68044SUB
The product you are viewing cross references to these numbers
Specifications:
Thread Size: M14 x 1.5
Colour: Chrome
Finish: Chrome
Hex Size: 17mm
Overall Length: 48.0mm
Seat/Style: Radius Seat Bolt
Shank Length: 26.7mm
Brand: McGard
At Design911 we stock two different brands of locking wheel nuts & bolts: McGard Locking Wheel Nuts and Standard Locking Wheel Nuts. These are used to secure your alloy wheels and prevent them from theft. We highly recommend purchasing a set to ensure your investment in alloy wheels cannot be stolen.
McGard lock sets are "Thatcham" approved.
McGard Locking Wheel Nuts Considered by many to be the best available on the market and are fitted to many new cars as standard equipment: BMW, Mercedes, Porsche, Volkswagen to name a few. They have consistently won awards from many car magazines like Auto Express and What Car. German made.
Related reference numbers
Related, superseded, cross reference or alternative numbers for comparison.
28018
The product you are viewing cross references to these numbers
Specifications:
Thread Size: M12 x 1.5
Colour: Chrome
Finish: Chrome
Hex Size: 17mm
Overall Length: 63.0mm
Seat/Style: Radius Seat Bolt
Shank Length: 39.9mm
Seat: Default
Brand: McGard
At Design911 we stock two different brands of locking wheel nuts & bolts: McGard Locking Wheel Nuts and Standard Locking Wheel Nuts. These are used to secure your alloy wheels and prevent them from theft. We highly recommend purchasing a set to ensure your investment in alloy wheels cannot be stolen.
McGard lock sets are "Thatcham" approved.
McGard Locking Wheel Nuts Considered by many to be the best available on the market and are fitted to many new cars as standard equipment: BMW, Mercedes, Porsche, Volkswagen to name a few. They have consistently won awards from many car magazines like Auto Express and What Car. German made.
Related reference numbers
Related, superseded, cross reference or alternative numbers for comparison.
28023
The product you are viewing cross references to these numbers
Features & Benefits:
Thread size: M14 x 1.5
Seat: R14
Shaft Length: 35.4mm
Hex Size: 17mm
Simply replace the original fasteners by premium quality McGard fasteners
Chrome plated for a shiny finish
Computer generated designs allow for an infinite number of key patterns
Two part manufacture makes them impossible to remove with standard tools
Related reference numbers
Related, superseded, cross reference or alternative numbers for comparison.
68044SU
The product you are viewing cross references to these numbers
Mobil Super™ 3000 x1 Formula FE 5W-30 provides long engine life with enhanced protection over a wide temperature range for many types and ages of vehicles including passenger cars, light commercial vehicles and vans.
Mobil Super 3000 x1 Formula FE 5W-30 Provides...
- Enhanced high temperature protection
- Enhanced cold start-up performance
- Enhanced engine cleanliness and sludge prevention
- Enhanced wear protection
- Helps fuel economy (as per ACEA A5/B5)
- Suitable for use in both gasoline and diesel engine passenger cars, light commercial vehicles and vans.
Applications
Mobil Super 3000 x1 Formula FE 5W-30 is recommended if you regularly experience demanding conditions where it can help combat the damage caused by frequent high engine stress.
- Mobil Super 3000 x1 Formula FE 5W-30 can be used in a variety of gasoline and diesel automobiles, light trucks and vans designed for use of a low viscosity (HTHS) motor oil.
- Mobil Super 3000 x1 Formula FE 5W-30 is intended primarily to meet the requirements of Ford in all engines requiring WSS-M2C913-D / C and is also suitable for use in Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles where the viscosity and quality claims are appropriate.
Always consult your owner's manual to check recommended viscosity grade and specifications for your particular vehicle.
Specifications & Approvals
This product has the following approvals: STJLR.03.5003 & VW VWC 53036
This product is recommended for use in applications requiring: API CF
This product meets or exceeds the requirements of: API SL, API SP, ACEA A5/B5, FORD WSS-M2C913-D
--Always consult your owner's manual to check recommended viscosity grade and specifications for your particular vehicle--
Properties & Specifications
Grade: SAE 5W-30
Density @ 15.6°C (ASTM D4052): 0.849 g/ml
Flash Point (Cleveland Open Cup, ASTM D92): 229°C
Kinematic Viscosity @ 100°C (ASTM D445): 9.7 mm²/s
Kinematic Viscosity @ 40°C (ASTM D445): 52.9 mm²/s
Viscosity Index (ASTM D2270): 170
Pour Point (ASTM D97): -36°C
Need more info? Check out Porsche Oils Overview our for everything you need to know about choosing the right oil.
MOST Bus CarPlay & Android Auto Interface with OEM microphone support
Model No: P2000-CICMM
The brand new Mr12Volt P2000 MM series now support your favorite in car OEM microphone.
Compatible for BMW Radio with CIC, CIC MID (8.8"/6.5")
1 Series - E81, E82, E87, E88
3 Series - E90, E91, E92, E93
5 Series - E60, E61, F10, F11, F07
6 Series - E63, E64
X3 - F25
X5 - E70
X6 - E71
Z4 - E89
7 Series - F01, F02
*** A CD changer (CDC) must have been installed, or the CDC feature has been enabled in order to use this product
Highlight Features:
How it works
P2000 supported multimedia type (High performance video and audio codec)
Additional Technical Data:
Parts for Other Cars – Genuine and Performance Automotive Parts Beyond Porsche
Parts for Other Cars expands the Design911 range beyond Porsche, offering genuine, OEM-quality and performance automotive parts for a wide selection of additional vehicle marques. This category provides carefully sourced components designed to deliver reliability, performance and precise fitment across multiple car brands.
At Design911, we supply high-quality replacement parts, service components and performance upgrades from trusted manufacturers, ensuring the same standards of durability and engineering integrity across all supported vehicles.
What Are Parts for Other Cars?
Parts for Other Cars includes replacement and upgrade components for a variety of automotive brands outside the Porsche range. These parts may include:
• Engine service and maintenance components
• Brake system parts and performance upgrades
• Suspension and steering components
• Cooling and electrical system parts
• Interior, exterior and styling accessories
Each product is selected to meet OEM standards or performance upgrade specifications, ensuring compatibility, safety and durability.
Why Choose Design911 for Parts for Other Cars?
Parts for Other Cars at Design911 offer:
• Access to genuine and OEM-quality automotive parts
• Performance upgrade components from respected brands
• Reliable fitment and manufacturer-correct specifications
• Competitive pricing across multiple marques
• Trusted sourcing from established automotive suppliers
While Design911 is renowned for Porsche expertise, the same attention to quality, accuracy and performance extends to our wider automotive range.
When Should You Choose Parts for Other Cars?
This category is ideal when:
• Maintaining or servicing non-Porsche vehicles
• Searching for OEM-quality replacement parts
• Upgrading suspension, brakes or performance components
• Restoring or improving vehicle reliability
• Looking for trusted automotive parts from a specialist supplier
Choosing correctly specified parts helps preserve vehicle performance, safety and long-term reliability.
